What are the advantages of automotive components (solenoid valve components)
As a key executing component of the electronic control system, automotive solenoid valves control the on/off or flow of fluids (oil, gas, water) through the principle of electromagnetic induction. They are widely used in the power system, braking system, air conditioning system and other fields of automobiles. Its core advantages are reflected in correct control, response speed, reliability, energ
As a key executing component of the electronic control system, automotive solenoid valves control the on/off or flow of fluids (oil, gas, water) through the principle of electromagnetic induction. They are widely used in the power system, braking system, air conditioning system and other fields of automobiles. Its core advantages are reflected in correct control, response speed, reliability, energy efficiency, adaptability, etc., as follows:
1、 Properly controlling fluids to enhance system performance
1. High precision adjustment of flow rate and pressure
By adjusting the on/off frequency (PWM pulse width modulation) or current magnitude of the electromagnetic coil, the displacement of the valve core can be correctly controlled, achieving micrometer level adjustment of parameters such as fuel injection quantity, brake fluid pressure, and transmission oil flow rate.
Example:
Fuel injection system solenoid valve: Correctly control the injection pulse width to make the air-fuel ratio close to the theoretical value (14.7:1), improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions.
ABS brake solenoid valve: It switches on and off at high frequencies dozens of times per second, achieving cyclic control of brake pressure from "pressure increase pressure maintenance pressure decrease" to prevent wheel lock up.
2. Flexible multi gear switching
Some solenoid valves (such as transmission shift solenoid valves) support multi position valve core design, which can switch 2-3 fluid paths through different combinations of solenoid coils to meet complex working conditions (such as forward, reverse, and neutral gear switching in automatic transmissions).
2、 Quick response and adaptability to dynamic working conditions
1. Millisecond opening and closing speed
After the electromagnetic coil is powered on, the valve core can complete the fully open or fully closed action within 10-50 milliseconds, much faster than mechanical valves (such as spring valves that require hundreds of milliseconds), ensuring the system's rapid response to driving commands (such as sudden braking and acceleration).
Example: The pressure relief solenoid valve of the turbocharging system can be instantly opened during sudden engine deceleration to release excess pressure at the turbine end, avoiding turbo lag and mechanical damage.
2. High frequency action stability is strong
In hybrid vehicles or CVT transmissions, the solenoid valve needs to withstand thousands of high-frequency switches per minute (such as the electro-hydraulic control system adjusting the tension of the steel strip), and its electromagnetic structure and sealing design can ensure reliability under long-term high-frequency operation.
3、 Compact and durable structure, suitable for harsh environments
1. Compact design saves space
The valve body size is usually 20-50mm in diameter and 30-100mm in length, and can be integrated into narrow engine compartments, chassis, or interior spaces (such as air conditioning expansion valve solenoid valves) to meet the lightweight and modular design requirements of modern automobiles.
2. High reliability to cope with extreme conditions
High/low temperature resistance: The solenoid valve in the engine compartment needs to withstand a temperature difference of -40 ℃~150 ℃ (such as EGR exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve), using anti-aging rubber seals and metal plating processes (such as nickel plating, gold plating) to prevent corrosion.
Anti vibration/impact: The valve core guide mechanism (such as stainless steel shaft sleeve) and electromagnetic coil encapsulation process (epoxy resin encapsulation) can resist vibration (5-2000Hz) and impact (such as mechanical impact when passing over speed bumps) during car driving.
Long life design: The mainstream solenoid valve has a service life of over 1 million switching cycles, and some products (such as high-voltage solenoid valves for new energy vehicles) improve safety through redundant design (dual coil backup).
4、 Low energy consumption and intelligent adaptation
1. Significant energy-saving characteristics
The working current is low (usually 0.1-2A), and the standby power consumption is close to zero. Example: The intake valve solenoid valve of the idle start stop system is only powered on at the moment of start stop, and is usually in a power-off state, reducing the overall energy consumption of the vehicle.
Some solenoid valves adopt a self holding structure (assisted by permanent magnets), which maintains the position of the valve core by magnetic force after being powered on, without the need for continuous power supply, further saving electricity.
2. Compatible with intelligent electronic control systems
As the execution terminal of ECU (Electronic Control Unit), the solenoid valve can communicate in real-time with the vehicle control system through CAN bus or LIN bus to achieve adaptive adjustment.
Example: The battery thermal management solenoid valve of new energy vehicles can automatically adjust the coolant flow rate based on battery temperature data, and cooperate with the heat pump system to achieve intelligent temperature control.
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